| Sir Arthur Bower Forwood | |
|---|---|
Forwood as caricatured by Liborio Prosperi in Vanity Fair, August 1890 |
|
| Born | 23 June 1836 Edge Hill, Liverpool, England |
| Died | 27 September 1898 (aged 62) Gateacre, Liverpool |
| Cause of death | Colitis leading to heart failure |
| Nationality | English |
| Education | Liverpool Collegiate |
| Occupation | Businessman, politician |
| Religion | Anglican |
| Spouse | Lucy Crosfield Mary Anne Eliza Baines |
| Children | Dudley Baines Forwood |
| Parents | Thomas Brittain Forwood Charlotte Bower |
| Relatives | William Bower Forwood, brother |
Sir Arthur Bower Forwood, 1st Baronet PC MP (23 June 1836 – 27 September 1898) was an English merchant, shipowner, and politician. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1885 until his death, and in 1895 he was created a baronet.
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Forwood was born in Edge Hill, Liverpool, the eldest son of Thomas Brittain Forwood, a merchant, and Charlotte née Bower, the daughter of a cotton broker. He was educated at Liverpool Collegiate and then joined the family business.[1] When his father retired from the business in 1862, he ran it with his younger brother, William. This was at a time when the cotton trade was being disrupted by the American Civil War. The brothers made a fortune "first from wartime speculation and blockade running, and then from exploiting telegraph and cotton futures". They set up offices in New York, New Orleans and Bombay and ran a small fleet of ships that traded in the West Indies, Costa Rica and New York.[2]
Forwood's political life started in 1871 when he was elected as a city councillor. He served as Lord Mayor of Liverpool in 1878–79, and became effectively the leader of Liverpool's Conservatives. In the general election of 1885 Forwood was returned for Ormskirk, a seat he held until his death. In 1886 Lord Salisbury appointed him as Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty, a post he retained until 1892. He was the first shipowner to become an Admiralty minister.[1] In 1892 he was appointed as a privy councillor,[3] and was the first serving town councillor to be appointed to this position.[1] He was created a baronet in 1895.[4]
Forwood was "orthodox, a resolute champion of the union and Empire, monarchy and church, Lords and Commons", he was concerned that the Conservative leaders were "too faint-hearted or stuck up", and was worried about the "timidity" of the Liverpool merchants. He supported the establishment of an episcopal see and a University College in Liverpool and, more generally, advocated universal suffrage, the redistribution of parliamentary seats, temperance reform, comprehensive employers' liability, old age pensions, council housing, public utilities and public transport. When he was a minister, he was described as being "a hustler" and as having drive as an administrator and reformer, but he did not have "the knack of making himself popular". His manner was described as being "unvarnished" and he was "short of the instincts of a Gentleman". Nevertheless he was praised for his effectiveness and for his determination.[1]
In 1858 Forwood married Lucy née Crosfield. She died in 1873 and the following year he married Mary Anne Eliza née Baines. Forwood died in September 1898 at his home, The Priory, Gateacre, Liverpool. He had been suffering from colitis, and this led to heart failure. Forwood's estate amounted to a little over £87,320[1] (£7.21 million as of 2012).[5] His statue stands in St John's Gardens, Liverpool.[6]
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| New constituency | Member of Parliament for Ormskirk 1885 – 1898 |
Succeeded by Arthur Stanley |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by John Tomlinson Hibbert |
Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty 1886 – 1892 |
Succeeded by Sir Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth |
| Baronetage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Baronet (of The Priory) 1895 – 1898 |
Succeeded by Dudley Baines Forwood |